What is influenza (flu)?
Flu is a contagious virus that infects the respiratory system (attacking the lining of the nose, windpipe, large breathing tubes, small breathing tubes and lungs).
Every year hundreds of thousands of people are hospitalized and many die of influenza. Many of the deaths occur with people 65 and older. However, young children are more likely than adults to be hospitalized with infections caused by influenza, and young children commonly transmit influenza virus to parents and grandparents.
How is influenza transmitted?
The flu virus spreads mainly by tiny droplets made when people with the flu cough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby.
People with the flu are most contagious during the first three days of their illness. The time from when a person is exposed and infected to when symptoms begin is about two days but can range from one to four days.
How do I prevent myself from getting the flu?
First and foremost, get the flu vaccine each year. Strains of the flu virus can be different each year, and while a shot will provide protection during the current flu season, that protection weakens before the next season starts.
Distance yourself from others who are sick. Have others around you who are sick cover their mouths when coughing and sneezing, frequently wash your hands and surfaces you are near.
What are the symptoms of influenza?
Symptoms of the flu include fever, chills, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle and/or body aches, headaches, fatigue. Some people may experience vomiting and diarrhea.
The symptoms may seem similar to the common cold; however, it is important to note that everyone with the flu will have a fever.
When do you get the flu vaccine?
The flu vaccine is given either intramuscular (with a shot) or nasal (breathed in). It Is recommended that the flu vaccine be taken annually by all people 6 months and older. People with egg allergies should not take the nasal version.
Does the flu vaccine cause any reactions?
The main side effects of the vaccine include pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site, headache, muscle aches, fatigue and fever. Allergic reactions are rare. The side effects will go away within a day or two.